Vector Filtering Color Imaging

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Image Processing

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Medical Image Processing - Bone Imaging

Abstract: The normal direction of the bone contour in computed tomography (CT) images provides important anatomical information and can guide segmentation algorithms. Since various bones in CT images have different sizes, and the intensity values of bone pixels are generally nonuniform and noisy, estimation of the normal direction using a single scale is not reliable. We propose a multiscale approach to estimate the normal direction of bone edges. The reliability of the estimation is calculated from the estimated results and, after re-scaling, the reliability is used to further correct the normal direction. The proposed algorithm starts with initial seed search in the input image. Initial seeds can be obtained by thresholding or manual selection. Starting from an initial seed, to find an edge point near the seed or to correct the location of the seed we calculate the normal direction at the seed and construct a 1-D signal that consists of the intensity of the pixels along the normal direction centered at the seed. We then use an edge filter to find the edge point in the 1-D signal. The deviation of the edge point in the 1-D signal from the center is used to obtain the location of the edge point in the 2-D image. From the edge point, we predict the next edge point along the edge. The predicted point is taken as a seed and the process is repeated until no new edge point can be predicted. We then go to the next initial seed, and the entire process is repeated until all of the initial seeds are used up. Finally, the edge map is postprocessed to produce a better edge map of the bone. Normal-direction estimation is based on the observation that the intensity of pixels near an edge changes more rapidly along the normal direction than along the tangent direction. 2-D symmetrical Gaussian is widely used to obtain the normal direction. A predictor-corrector scheme is used to improve the normal direction estimation. The optimal scale at each point is obtained while estimating the normal direction; this scale is then used in a simple edge detector. The reliability may become more stable from slice to slice when we use 3-D information to estimate the normal direction of bone edges. Thus, it is expected that the 3-D extension will shorten the segmentation time and improve the performance.

Courtesy: N.Santhanam, Adi Parasakthi Engineering College (APEC), Melmaruvathur, Tamilnadu

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Image Processing - Lane Departure System With Edge Detection Technique Using Hough Transform

Abstract: Safety in automotives is one of the important considerations under limelight. So many efforts are also taken in this regard. Dozens of processors control every performance aspect of today’s automobiles.
While most currently available safety features utilize a wide array of sensors—principally involving microwaves, infrared light, lasers, accelerometers, or position detection—for safety applications such as front and rear warning, lane detection warning, automatic emergency braking etc.

In this paper a novel attempt has been taken to revolutionize the safety in automotive systems with the help of image processing, which aids the driver in efficient driving.

The safety feature considered is x. A high speed camera scans the image of the road scene ahead at regular instants. These images are moved to memory for further processing. Later these images go through EDGE DETECTION TECHNIQUES. This edge detection technique consists of our new algorithm which detects the lanes on the road. Then after using HOUGH TRANSFORM these lines are detected and compared with the current car position. This helps the system in placing a constant vigil on the car over its position in the lane.

This concept also aids in future revolution of automatic driving in highways. Moreover the use of high speed processors like Blackfinn processors makes it very simple to implement this system in real time.


Courtesy: N.Santhanam, Adi Parasakthi Engineering College (APEC), Melmaruvathur, Tamilnadu

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Active People Recognisation Using Thermal and Grey Images on a Mobile Security Robot

Abstract: In this paper we present a vision-based approach to detect, track and identify people on a mobile robot in real time. While most vision systems for tracking people on mobile robots use skin color information, we present an approach using thermal images and a fast contour model together with a Particle Filter. With this method a person can be detected independently from current light conditions and in situations were no skin color is visible (the person is not close or does not face the robot). Tracking in thermal images is used as an attention system to get an estimate of the position of a person. Based on this estimate we use a pan-tilt camera to zoom to the expected face region and apply a fast face tracker in combination with face recognition to identify the person. It is available in the file which you can download from the link below.

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High Compression of Faces in Video Sequences

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Image Processing in Signals &Systems

Abstract:A real-time face recognition system can be implemented on an IBM compatible personal computer with a video camera, image digitizer, and custom VLSI image correlator chip. With a single frontal facial image under semi-controlled lighting conditions, the system performs (i) image preprocessing and template extraction, (ii) template correlation with a database of 173 images, and (iii) postprocessing of correlation results to identify the user.

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An Embedded Systems Approach In Designing An Automated Vending Machine

Abstract: An embedded approach in designing a automated vending machine using image processing for currency recognition. Automation had become time-sharing, fast and sophisticated approach in both Public Sector Units and Private Sector Units today. From computerized billing machine in a small shop to a missile launching process, everything is automated.

This paper presents unique idea of a fully automated ticket vending machine, an embedded system, which makes the process of ticket procurement a hassle free job and thereby decreases the burden of a patient clerk who sits in the counter for issuing tickets.

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